Extinction is not a thing of the past; it’s happening right now. In a shocking development, 21 species were declared officially extinct by U.S. scientists in 2023. This heartbreaking list includes birds, mussels, fish, and even a mammal. The Java Stingaree, a type of stingray, was also declared extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), a global organization that monitors species populations. The culprits behind these extinctions are destroyed habitats, pollution, climate change, exploitation, and invasive species.
It’s a stark reality that the current rate of extinction is “at least tens to hundreds of times higher” than in the past 10 million years, as reported by the UN. However, biologists and conservationists are not giving up. They are working tirelessly to protect and save endangered species from the same fate. Their efforts have brought success stories, such as the recovery of the bald eagle, humpback whale, American alligator, and whooping crane.
Sea McKeon, a biologist and the director of the Marine Program at the American Bird Conservancy, reminds us, “Until it’s too late, it’s not too late.”
The Birds That Went Extinct
The list of extinct birds is both tragic and sobering. Some of the species that have vanished include Bachman’s warbler, Bridled white-eye, Kauai akialoa, and Maui nukupu’u. These island species, especially those in Hawaii, are particularly vulnerable due to climate change, diseases, and invasive predators. Hawaii is now collaborating with the Fish and Wildlife Service and conservationists to tackle one of the major threats to Hawaiian birds: invasive mosquitoes that spread avian malaria. The state is considering various pest management strategies to combat this issue.
McKeon emphasizes the urgency of the situation, saying, “There simply is no more time on the clock.” Protection of habitats is crucial for the survival of these iconic songbirds.
The Mussels That Went Extinct
Freshwater mussels, which play a vital role in filtering harmful toxins and providing food and habitat for various species, have also suffered significant losses. Species like Flat pigtoe, Southern acornshell, and Green-blossom pearly mussel have gone extinct. McKeon highlights the astonishing adaptations of mussels to survive, from floating plankton to hitchhiking on fish to ensure they stay within their ecosystem. Unfortunately, these evolutionary winners are now disappearing rapidly.
The Fish That Went Extinct
The San Marcos gambusia, Scioto madtom, and the Java Stingaree are among the fish species that have gone extinct. Each loss diminishes the intricate balance of aquatic ecosystems and highlights the urgent need for conservation efforts.
The Mammal That Went Extinct
The Little Mariana fruit bat of Guam has joined the list of extinct mammals. With each mammal extinction, the world loses unique and priceless biodiversity.
What Can You Do to Help Stop Extinction?
While the threat of extinction is overwhelming, individuals can make a difference. Here are some actions you can take to protect endangered species:
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Help endangered species where you live: Put pressure on local governments or cities to protect vulnerable species in your area. Ensure that important habitats are preserved for their survival.
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Keep your cat indoors: Domestic cats are responsible for the deaths of countless birds. By keeping your cat indoors, you can save hundreds, if not thousands, of birds. It’s a simple step to protect wildlife.
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Plant native plants: Transform your yard into a haven for native plants. Lawns may look appealing, but native vegetation provides vital habitat for diverse life forms.
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Make informed consumer decisions: Your choices as a consumer can have a significant impact. Opt for products made from recycled materials and reduce your use of plastics. Every action counts in reducing the harm caused to marine animals.
Remember, as McKeon says, “Your voice is loudest when heard through your dollar.”
FAQs
Q: How many endangered or threatened species are still on the list?
A: Currently, over 1,480 endangered or threatened species remain on the Fish and Wildlife Service’s list. Their survival depends on our collective efforts.
Q: How do invasive species contribute to extinction?
A: Invasive species disrupt ecosystems, compete for resources, and prey on native species. Their introduction into new habitats can have devastating consequences for the native flora and fauna.
Q: How can climate change be mitigated to protect endangered species?
A: Climate change is a significant threat to endangered species. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, protecting habitats, and implementing conservation strategies are crucial steps toward mitigating its impact.
Conclusion
The extinction of these remarkable animals in 2023 is a stark reminder of the urgent need for conservation efforts. We must act now to protect and preserve the incredible biodiversity that exists on our planet. By taking small steps in our daily lives and advocating for the protection of endangered species, we can make a difference. Together, we can ensure a future where no more species disappear forever.
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